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1.
Rev. CEFAC ; 23(1): e1720, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1143681

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the profile of patients treated by Speech-Language therapists in a Critical Patient Unit. Methods: an ex post facto, observational and descriptive study was carried out. Monthly statistical data of patients hospitalized in the period January-December 2018 were analyzed, in the Intensive Care Unit at a public hospital. Data were described from the analysis of frequency and measures of central tendency. The distribution of the variables was determined through the skewness-kurtosis test, considering a significance level of p<0.05. Results: 217 individuals got 868 speech-language therapy services. Men (57.26%), older than 65 years old, required a more frequent intervention. The main medical diagnosis of admission to the unit corresponded to non-specific pathologies (57.14%), respiratory disease (15.21%) and cerebrovascular disease (12.79%). The speech-language therapy functions were related to the evaluation of swallowing (54.31%) and voice (32.4%). In relation to the intervention, the treatment of dysphagia (25.82%) and oral motor functions (25.04%) was predominant in the duties. Functions associated with language, speech and cognition were secondary. Conclusion: the profile of the critical patient and the speech-language therapy work in this field represent a first step to characterize the role of the speech-language therapist in Intensive Medicine teams.


RESUMEN Objetivo: describir el perfil de usuarios atendidos por fonoaudiólogos en una unidad de paciente crítico. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo con temporalidad ex post facto. Se analizaron los resúmenes estadísticos mensuales de usuarios internados durante los meses de enero a diciembre de 2018, en la unidad de cuidados intensivos de un hospital público. Se describieron los datos a partir de análisis de frecuencia y medidas de tendencia central. La distribución de las variables se determinó mediante skewness-kurtosis test, considerando un nivel de significancia p<0,05. Resultados: 217 sujetos recibieron 868 atenciones fonoaudiológicas. Los hombres (57,26%) mayores de 65 años requirieron una intervención más frecuente. Los principales diagnósticos médicos de ingreso a la unidad correspondieron a patologías inespecíficas (57,14%), enfermedades respiratorias (15,21%) y cerebrovasculares (12,79%). Las funciones de fonoaudiología se relacionaron con la evaluación de la deglución (54,31%) y de la voz (32,4%). En cuanto a la intervención, el tratamiento de la disfagia (25,82%) y las funciones motoras orales (25,04%) dominaron la carga laboral. Las funciones asociadas con el lenguaje, el habla y la cognición fueron secundarias. Conclusión: el perfil del paciente crítico y las labores fonoaudiológicas en este ámbito representan un primer paso para caracterizar el rol profesional del fonoaudiólogo en el contexto de los equipos de medicina intensiva.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Speech Disorders/rehabilitation , Speech Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Deglutition Disorders/rehabilitation , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Critical Care
2.
Rev. CEFAC ; 23(2): e4520, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1155327

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: to multidimensionally assess the effect of the Lax Vox® vocal technique on singers with voice complaints. Methods: a comparative intrasubject study that assessed 30 singers - 13 males and 17 females, aged 18 to 55 years - who self-reported voice complaints and had voice problems symptoms. The participants were submitted to voice assessment with perceptive-auditory, acoustic, aerodynamic, and electroglottographic voice analysis, as well as laryngeal assessment with high-speed videolaryngoscopy. The participants were assessed at two moments: 1) at the beginning of the data collection; and 2) five minutes after performing the Lax Vox® vocal technique. The groups were compared with appropriate statistical tests, with a 5% significance level. Results: in the acoustic analysis, there was an increase in the fundamental frequency for males, after using the Lax Vox® vocal technique. In the aerodynamic assessment, there was an increase in the airflow mean values during vocalization, as well as in aerodynamic power after using the Lax Vox® vocal technique in both groups. Conclusion: the Lax Vox® vocal technique, in the studied singers with a complaint of dysphonia, promoted an increase in the fundamental frequency, for males. In the aerodynamic parameters, in both sexes, it promoted an increase in the airflow and aerodynamic power.


RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar, de forma multidimensional, o efeito da técnica vocal Lax Vox® em cantores com queixas vocais. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo comparativo intrassujeitos. Foram avaliados 30 cantores, sendo 13 homens e 17 mulheres, com idade entre 18 e 55 anos, que apresentaram queixa vocal autorreferida e presença de sintomas vocais. Os participantes foram submetidos à avaliação vocal pela análise perceptivo-auditiva, acústica, aerodinâmica e eletroglotográfica da voz, bem como à avaliação laríngea com a videolaringoscopia de alta velocidade. Os participantes foram avaliados em dois momentos: 1) no início da coleta; e 2) após cinco minutos de realização da técnica vocal Lax Vox®. Para comparação dos grupos foram utilizados teste estatísticos pertinentes, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: na análise acústica houve aumento da frequência fundamental dos homens após o uso da técnica vocal Lax Vox®. Na avaliação aerodinâmica houve aumento dos valores da média do fluxo aéreo durante vocalização e da potência aerodinâmica após o uso da técnica vocal Lax Vox® em ambos os grupos. Conclusão: a técnica vocal do Lax Vox® nos cantores com queixa de disfonia estudados promoveu um aumento da frequência fundamental nos homens. Nos parâmetros aerodinâmicos em ambos os sexos provocou um aumento do fluxo aéreo e da potência aerodinâmica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Singing , Occupational Diseases/rehabilitation , Treatment Outcome
3.
Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud ; 3(2): 24-34, 2021. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1392563

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La distonía laríngea o disfonía espasmódica se caracteriza por con-tracciones involuntarias de los músculos laríngeos internos que se desencadenan al hablar, siendo la forma aductora la más frecuente. La inyección de toxina botulínica es el manejo de elección. Para evaluar la respuesta a la terapia existen varios instru-mentos validados, uno de ellos es el cuestionario Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10). El objetivo de este estudio es caracterizar a los pacientes con disfonía espasmódica aductora y evaluar el impacto de la toxina en su calidad de vida.Método. Éste se centró en un estudio retrospectivo descriptivo en pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de disfonía espasmódica aductora tratados con toxina botulínica A, en el Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile (HCUC), en el periodo comprendido en-tre 2013 y 2021. El mismo permitió la obtención de los datos epidemiológicos de los pacientes, a quienes se les solicitó responder la encuesta VHI-10 previo y posterior a un mes de cada inyección de la toxina.Resultados. Se incluyeron 55 pacientes (218 procedimientos). La dosis promedio utilizada fue de 9,18 UI con un intervalo promedio de 7,4 meses. El puntaje VHI-10 promedio en la evaluación inicial fue de 29,4 y posinfiltración de 14,96, siendo esta diferencia significativa (p < 0,000001). En nuestra serie casi un tercio tiene asociada alguna patología neurológica, y se reportó un 3,67% de complicaciones leves y transitorias.Conclusión. La disfonía espasmódica aductora tiene un gran impacto en la calidad de vida de los pacientes, que se reduce significativamente mediante la inyección de toxina botulínica A, procedimiento que ha demostrado ser seguro y eficaz


Introduction. Laryngeal dystonia or spasmodic dysphonia is characterized by in-voluntary contractions of internal laryngeal muscles that are triggered when speak-ing, being the adductor form the most frequent. Botulinum toxin injection is the management of choice. There are several validated instruments to assess response to therapy, one of them is the Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) questionnaire. The objective of this study is to characterize patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia and evaluate the impact of the toxin in their quality of life.Method. A descriptive retrospective study was carried out in adult patients with a diagnosis of adductor spasmodic dysphonia treated with botulinum toxin A, between 2013-2021 at the Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile. The epidemiological data of the patients and the VHI-10 survey were obtained before and after one month of each toxin injection was requested.Results. 55 patients (218 procedures) were included. The average dose used was 9.18 IU with an average interval of 7.4 months. The average VHI-10 score in the initial evaluation was 29.4 and post-infiltration was 14.96, being this difference sig-nificant (p <0.000001). In our series, almost a third had an associated neurological pathology, and 3.67% of mild and transitory complications were reported.Conclusion. Adductor spasmodic dysphonia has a great impact on the quality of life of patients, which is significantly reduced by injecting botulinum toxin A, a pro-cedure that has been shown to be safe and effective


Subject(s)
Voice/drug effects , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Botulinum Toxins, Type A , Dysphonia , Quality of Life , Botulinum , Laryngeal Diseases , Dystonia , Dysphonia/prevention & control , Laryngeal Muscles
4.
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1392910

ABSTRACT

This reflection paper addresses the importance of the interaction between voice perception and voice production, emphasizing the processes of auditory-vocal in-tegration that are not yet widely reported in the context of voice clinicians. Given the above, this article seeks to 1) highlight the important link between voice pro-duction and voice perception and 2) consider whether this relationship might be exploited clinically for diagnostic purposes and therapeutic benefit. Existing theories on speech production and its interaction with auditory perception provide context for discussing why the evaluation of auditory-vocal processes could help identify associ-ated origins of dysphonia and inform the clinician around appropriate management strategies. Incorporating auditory-vocal integration assessment through sensorimotor adaptation paradigm testing could prove to be an important addition to voice assess-ment protocols at the clinical level. Further, if future studies can specify the means to manipulate and enhance a person's auditory-vocal integration, the efficiency of voice therapy could be increased, leading to improved quality of life for people with voice disorders


Este artículo de reflexión aborda la importancia de la interacción entre la percepción y la producción de la voz, haciendo hincapié en los procesos de integración auditivo-vocal, los cuales aún no han sido muy divulgados en el contexto de los clínicos de voz. Dado lo anterior, este articulo busca: 1) destacar la importante relación entre la producción y la percepción de la voz y 2) considerar si esta relación pudiese explotarse clínicamente con fines diagnósticos y terapéuticos. Las teorías existentes sobre la producción de la voz y su interacción con la percepción auditiva proporcionan el contexto para discutir por qué la evaluación de los procesos auditivo-vocales podría ayudar a identificar los orígenes asociados a cierto tipo de disfonías e informar al clínico sobre las estrategias de abordaje adecuadas. La incorporación de la evaluación de la integración auditivo-vocal a través de la prueba del paradigma de adaptación sensoriomotora podría ser una importante adición a los protocolos de evaluación de la voz a nivel clínico. Además, si los estudios futuros pueden especificar los medios para manipular y mejorar la integración auditivo-vocal de una persona, la eficacia de la terapia de la voz podría aumentar, lo que llevaría a mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con trastornos de la voz


Subject(s)
Voice Disorders , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences/trends , Auditory Perception , Voice , Voice Disorders/prevention & control , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences , Dysphonia , Hearing Disorders
5.
Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud ; 3(1): 22-32, 2021. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1393168

ABSTRACT

Introducción: existen diferentes factores de riesgo que pueden llegar a generar alteraciones vocales en los profesores en el ejercicio de su labor. Esta investigación busca establecer la relación entre el conocimiento de los factores de riesgo vocal y la presencia de síntomas asociados a enfermedad vocal en profesores universitarios. Método: se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional descriptivo con un diseño trans-versal con 200 profesores seleccionados bajo criterios de exclusión y exclusión. Se aplicó una encuesta online de conocimiento de los factores de riesgo vocal y la subes-cala física del Índice de Incapacidad Vocal (VHI). Para el análisis estadístico se usó Stata 14. Resultados: se encontró que los docentes presentan conocimiento de los factores de riesgo vocal y la presencia de síntomas es leve. La relación entre estas dos variables fue negativa, es decir, a mayor conocimiento vocal menor presencia de síntomas. Conclusiones: a pesar de encontrarse relación entre las variables de estudio, el nivel de significancia es bajo. Las investigaciones que indagan el conocimiento de los factores de riesgo vocal son reducidas, por lo que se recomienda continuar investi-gando esta temática


Introduction: there are different risk factors that can generate vocal alterations in teachers in the exercise of their work. This research seeks to establish the relationship between knowledge of vocal risk factors and the presence of symptoms associated with vocal disease in college teachers. Method: a descriptive observational study was carried out with a cross-sectional design with 200 teachers selected under exclusion and exclusion criteria. An online survey of knowledge of vocal risk factors and the physical subscale of the Vocal Disa-bility Index (VHI) were applied. Stata 14 was used for statistical analysis.Results: it was found that teachers present knowledge of vocal risk factors and the presence of symptoms is mild. The relationship between these two variables was ne-gative, that is, the higher the vocal knowledge, the lower the presence of symptoms.Conclusions: despite finding a relationship between the study variables, the level of significance is low. The investigations that research the knowledge of the vocal risk factors are limited. Therefore, it is recommended to continue investigating this topic.


Subject(s)
Humans , Voice Disorders/diagnosis , Voice Disorders/prevention & control , Dysphonia/diagnosis , Signs and Symptoms , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Risk Factors , Knowledge , Faculty , Vocal Cord Dysfunction/diagnosis
6.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1393225

ABSTRACT

El presente artículo corresponde a una reflexión sobre las orientaciones filosóficas en la terapia vocal actual. Cuando existe alguna alteración o trastorno vocal, se habla comunmente de un desequilibrio entre los subsistemas involucrados en el proceso fonatorio, es decir, fuelle (sistema respiratorio), fuente (pliegues vocales) y filtro (tracto vocal). Si no hay un correcto balance, entonces el sistema no tiene un correcto funcionamiento y pueden aparecer síntomas como ronquera, sensación de cuerpo extraño, prurito, fatiga vocal o bien disfonía o incluso afonía. Como con-secuencia de estas dificultades, se generan compensaciones que durante el proceso de la intervención fonoaudiológica el profesional debe volver a "equilibrar". Para lograr este objetivo, se desarrollan y analizan las diversas herramientas que entregan las filosofías de pensamiento a lo largo de la historia de la rehabilitación vocal, don-de se encuentran la orientación higiénica, psicológica, sintomatológica, fisiológica y ecléctica. En este mismo sentido, el profesional debe buscar lo que percibe como más idóneo para cada paciente o grupo a intervenir, centrado en mejorar la calidad vocal y las necesidades actuales de estos, basándose en el contexto mundial actual, con el objetivo de lograr un buen proceso de entrenamiento o rehabilitación y final-mente lograr el alta.


The present article corresponds to a reflection about the philosophical orientations in the current vocal therapy. When there are some vocal alterations or disorders, we usually talk about an imbalance between the sub-sysmtems involved in the fonatory process, which are bellows (respiratory system), source (vocal folds) and filter (vocal tract). When there is not a correct balance, the system does not work properly and as a consequence, it is possible to experiment symptoms such as hoarseness, foreign body sensation, pruritus, vocal fatigue, dysphonia or even aphonia. As a result of these difficulties, it is possible to generate compensations through the intervention of speech therapy. By virtue of this therapy the professional must 'balance'. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to develop and analyze the different tools that philoso-phical studies offer through the history of vocal rehabilitation. Some of these tools are hygienic orientation, psychological, symptomatological, physiological and eclec-tic. Thinking on that, the professional must search what it is most suitable for every patient or group of people that he/she will be working with. This must be focus on improving vocal quality and the actual necessities of the patient, based on the current global context. The final purpose of the professional is to achieve a good and healthy process of training and/or rehabilitation to accomplish medical discharge.


Subject(s)
Voice/physiology , Voice Disorders/diagnosis , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Patients , Pruritus , Respiratory System , Speech , Speech Therapy , Vocal Cords , Aphonia , Hoarseness , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences , Dysphonia , Dysphonia/rehabilitation
7.
Rev. chil. fonoaudiol. (En línea) ; 19: 1-9, nov. 2020. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1148401

ABSTRACT

La enfermedad COVID-19 fue declarada pandemia por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Su presentación más severa genera una condición que requiere tratamiento en unidades de cuidados intensivos, condición que al prolongarse en el tiempo requiere la implementación de una traqueostomía para facilitar la entrega de soporte ventilatorio invasivo. Si bien este dispositivo posee importantes ventajas que favorecen la recuperación y rehabilitación, también es cierto que genera diversas complicaciones en la comunicación de las personas, condición que se suma a los efectos propios del COVID-19 y la frecuente historia de intubación endotraqueal previa. El objetivo de este artículo es proveer orientaciones y herramientas clínicas para el tratamiento de la fonación para la comunicación en personas con traqueostomía y COVID-19. Se considera para ello las recomendaciones de la literatura existentes a la fecha, bajo un análisis pragmático y basado en nuestra experiencia de atender a más de 561 personas con esta condición. Se exponen las características de la comunicación en esta población, su tratamiento, consideraciones para el uso de técnicas específicas y orientaciones para la mejora de la calidad de vida. Siempre con un enfoque orientado al cuidado y protección de las/os usuarias/os y el equipo de salud, en particular fonoaudiólogas y fonoaudiólogos del país.


The COVID-19 disease was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. When most severe, it generates a condition that requires treatment in intensive care units, which, when extended in time, requires implementing of a tracheostomy to facilitate invasive ventilatory support. Although ventilatory support has important advantages that favor recovery and rehabilitation, it generates various complications for patients' communication, a condition that adds to the effects of COVID-19 and the frequent history of previous endotracheal intubation. The aim of this article is to provide guidance and clinical tools for the treatment of phonation to facilitate communication in people with tracheostomy and COVID-19. For this, the recommendations of the existing available literature are considered, under a pragmatic analysis and based on our experience of treating more than 561 infected patients. The characteristics of communication in this population, its treatment, considerations for the use of specific techniques and guidelines to improve quality of life are exposed. Always with an approach oriented to the care and protection of users and the health team, in particular speech-language pathologists in the country.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/surgery , Tracheostomy/adverse effects , Voice Disorders/etiology , Coronavirus Infections/surgery , Communication Disorders/etiology , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences/standards , Phonation , Pneumonia, Viral/complications , Pneumonia, Viral/rehabilitation , Quality of Life , Hospital-Patient Relations , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Coronavirus Infections/complications , Coronavirus Infections/rehabilitation , Communication , Communication Disorders/rehabilitation , Critical Care , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences/methods , Pandemics , Betacoronavirus , Intubation, Intratracheal
8.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 24: e2008, 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019479

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar o efeito imediato e após 15 minutos da técnica de sobrearticulação de fala em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson, submetidos à estimulação cerebral profunda em núcleo subtalâmico, nos parâmetros de voz, fala e mímica facial. Métodos Participaram 29 sujeitos com diagnóstico médico de doença de Parkinson, sob tratamento medicamentoso e submetidos à estimulação cerebral profunda em núcleo subtalâmico, com e sem reabilitação fonoaudiológica prévia. Realizou-se gravação em áudio e vídeo de amostra de fala e voz em três momentos: pré-intervenção, pós-imediato e após 15 minutos da realização individual de cinco minutos de uma sequência de exercícios de sobrearticulação de fala. As gravações foram submetidas à avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da voz e perceptivo-visual da mímica facial. Resultados A técnica produziu resultados positivos em 69% dos casos, após 15 minutos de aplicação, em relação aos demais momentos. O parâmetro que mais contribuiu para a identificação da melhor emissão na avaliação perceptivo-auditiva foi articulação (69%), significativamente maior que os demais parâmetros, exceto velocidade de fala. A análise perceptivo-visual mostrou melhora em 58,6% dos casos após 15 minutos, também significativamente melhor que os demais momentos. O parâmetro em que se observou maior proporção de melhora foi na movimentação de boca, sobrancelhas e olhos. Conclusão A técnica de sobrearticulação de fala produz efeito positivo imediato nos aspectos vocais e uma maior expressividade facial, principalmente após 15 minutos de realização.


ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the immediate and after 15 minutes effect of the overarticulation technique in individuals with Parkinson's disease, submitted to deep brain stimulation in subthalamic nucleus, in the voice, speech and facial movements. Methods This study counted with 29 patients with the diagnosis of Parkinson Disease who were undergoing pharmacotherapy and were submitted to deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus, with and without prior speech therapy. Speech and voice samples were recorded in an audio and video file at three different moments: pre-intervention, immediate post intervention and 15 minutes post intervention. The intervention was the individual performance of 5 minutes exercise consisting of sequence of overarticulation techniques. The audio and video recordings were submitted to the perceptual-judgement of the voice quality and facial movements. Results The technique produced positive results in 69% of the cases after 15 minutes of its application when compared to the other moments. Articulation was the parameter that most contributed in the perceptual-judgment of the best voice quality (69%); it was significantly higher than the other parameters, except speech rate. After 15 minutes of the technique, 58.6% of the patients had improvement in the facial movements, according to the perceptual-judgment which was also significantly better when compared to other moments. The parameter with greater provement was movement of the mouth, eyebrows and eyes. Conclusion The overarticulation technique produces an immediate positive effect on vocal aspects and greater facial expressiveness, especially after 15 minutes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Parkinson Disease/therapy , Speech Therapy/methods , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Deep Brain Stimulation , Dysarthria/rehabilitation , Parkinson Disease/surgery , Prospective Studies , Hypokinesia/rehabilitation , Subthalamic Nucleus/surgery , Facial Expression
9.
CoDAS ; 31(3): e20180120, 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011932

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a autopercepção de fadiga vocal de professores disfônicos em atividade letiva que procuram atendimento fonoaudiológico. Método Participaram desta pesquisa 60 professores com queixa vocal, dentre estes, 30 que buscaram tratamento no Programa de Saúde Vocal do Sindicato dos Professores de São Paulo - SinproSP (G1) e 30 professores que não buscaram atendimento (G2). Todos os participantes responderam a um questionário de identificação, a um de caracterização pessoal e do trabalho, a uma lista de sinais e sintomas vocais e ao Índice de Fadiga Vocal - IFV. Além disso, foram registradas contagem de números de 1 a 10 e vogal sustentada "é" para definição do grau de desvio vocal por meio da análise perceptivo-auditiva. Resultados Os professores que procuraram o atendimento (G1) apresentaram piores escores nos protocolos IFV, maior número de sinais e sintomas, além de pior autoavaliação da voz quando comparados aos professores que não procuraram tratamento (G2). Além disso, os docentes dos dois grupos estudados apresentaram desvios de voz de leve a moderado. Conclusão Professores disfônicos que procuram atendimento fonoaudiológico apresentam maior sensação de fadiga vocal, principalmente em relação aos domínios restrição vocal e desconforto físico do IFV. Além disso, apresentaram maior número de sintomas e pior autoavaliação vocal em relação àqueles que não procuraram o atendimento, apesar de ambos os grupos apresentarem vozes desviadas.


ABSTRACT Purpose to verify the self-perception of vocal fatigue of dysphonic teachers in school year activity who sought speech-language pathology assistance. Methods Sixty teachers with voice complaints participated in the study, 30 of whom sought treatment in the Programa de Saúde Vocal do Sindicato dos Professores de São Paulo (SinproSP), and 30 volunteers' teachers who did not seek treatment (G2). All the participants answered a personal identification protocol and work characterization, vocal self-assessment, vocal signs and symptoms checklist, Vocal Fatigue Index protocol (VFI). In addition, a number counting from 1 to 10 and sustained vowel "e" were registered for the definition of the mean vocal deviation using perceptual-auditory judgment. Results Teachers who sought treatment (G1) obtained worst scores in the VFI, more numbers of signs and symptoms, and worst self-evaluation of the voice when compared with those who did not seek treatment (G2). In addition, teachers in both groups had light to moderate vocal deviation. Conclusion Dysphonic teachers who sought vocal treatment presented greater sensation of vocal fatigue, especially in the factors of tiredness of voice and voice avoidance and related to physical discomfort associated with voicing of the VFI. In addition, they reported greater number of symptoms and worse vocal self-assessment in relation to those who did not seek treatment, although both groups present deviated voices.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Voice Disorders/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Self Concept , Voice Quality , Brazil , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Surveys and Questionnaires , Occupational Health , Diagnostic Self Evaluation , School Teachers , Middle Aged , Occupational Diseases/rehabilitation
10.
CoDAS ; 31(1): e20180060, 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-989647

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo descrever o perfil clínico e sociodemográfico e o desfecho da reabilitação fonoaudiológica de pacientes com câncer de laringe. Método estudo transversal com 204 pessoas atendidas entre 1989 e 2015. A associação entre desfecho da fonoterapia e variáveis de caracterização sociodemográfica e clínicas foi verificada por técnicas univariadas e multivariadas. Resultados prevalência do gênero masculino (95,10%), 60 anos ou mais (53,43%), ensino fundamental (77,37%), setor de serviços (44,12), tabagistas e etilistas (81,63%); estágio T3 (30,4%), ausência de nódulos (72,00%) e de metástase (85,6%). O procedimento terapêutico mais frequente foi a laringectomia total ou parcial (69,61%). Houve associação da escolaridade, estágio da doença, hábitos e procedimento terapêutico com desfecho da fonoterapia (p<0,001). Conclusão fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos podem interferir no prognóstico da reabilitação vocal de pessoas com câncer de laringe. A otimização e diversificação de novos procedimentos terapêuticos são desafios na reabilitação fonoaudiológica destas pessoas.


ABSTRACT Purpose to describe the clinical and sociodemographic profile and analyze the voice rehabilitation outcomes of patients with laryngeal cancer. Methods cross-sectional study with 204 individuals with laryngeal cancer treated between 1989 and 2015. The variables describing the patients' profile were presented in absolute values (n) and percentage (%). The association between the speech-language therapy outcome and the sociodemographic and clinical characterization variables was verified by means of uni- and multivariate techniques. Results 95.1% of the patients are male; 53.43% are aged 60 or more; 77.37% have elementary education; 44.12% are in the service industry; 81.63% smoke and consume alcohol; 30.4% are stage T3. Absence of nodules was found in 72.00%, and of metastasis, in 85.6% of patients. The most frequent therapeutic procedure was complete or partial laryngectomy (69.61%). There was an association among education, disease stage, habits, and therapeutic outcome with speech-language therapy (p<0.001). Conclusion Several causes can affect the prognosis of vocal rehabilitation in patients with laryngeal cancer. Optimization and diversification of new therapeutic procedures are challenges for these patients' speech-language rehabilitation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Laryngeal Neoplasms/complications , Socioeconomic Factors , Voice Disorders/etiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Treatment Outcome , Hospitals, University , Laryngectomy , Middle Aged
11.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 78(1): 104-109, mar. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902822

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El cáncer laríngeo representa el 25% de las neoplasias de cabeza y cuello. Para los carcinomas laríngeos T1 tratados con radioterapia o cirugía láser, no existe diferencia significativa en cuanto a la calidad de voz percibida por el paciente entre ambas formas terapéuticas. La laringectomía total sigue siendo utilizada como la alternativa terapéutica en carcinomas avanzados. La pérdida de la capacidad de fonación es una consecuencia de esta cirugía, por lo que existe un variado abanico de mecanismos de comunicación que ofrecerle al paciente. Las alternativas clásicas comprenden: erigmofonación, laringe electrónica y válvula traqueoesofágica. Dentro de este escenario, han surgido nuevas alternativas en los últimos años como son conversión estadística de voz GMM (Gaussian Mixture Model), proyecto SWARA y el proyecto "Mi propia voz".


ABSTRACT Laryngeal cancer accounts for 25% of head and neck cancers. For T1 laryngeal carcinomas treated with radiotherapy or laser surgery, there is no significant difference in terms of quality of voice perceived by the patient between both therapeutic forms. The total laryngectomy is still used as the therapeutic alternative in advanced carcinomas. The loss of the phonation ability is a consequence of the surgery, so there is a diverse range of communication mechanisms to offer to the patient. Classical approaches include: esophageal speech, electrolarynx and tracheoesophageal valve. In this scenario, new alternatives have emerged: statistical voice conversion GMM (Gaussian Mixture Model), SWARA project and "Mi propia voz" project.


Subject(s)
Humans , Speech, Esophageal , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Laryngeal Neoplasms/rehabilitation , Laryngectomy/adverse effects , Voice Quality , Voice Disorders/etiology , Laryngectomy/rehabilitation
12.
Rev. chil. fonoaudiol. (En línea) ; 16: 1-15, nov. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-998940

ABSTRACT

Las personas a las que se le ha realizado una laringectomía total y extirpado completamente su laringe ven alteradas en grado variable las funciones propias de ese órgano: esfinteriana, respiratoria y vocal. Respecto a esta última y su producto final: la voz, la pérdida es completa, por lo que es necesario rehabilitar dicha función para que la persona pueda comunicarse. El objetivo de este trabajo es valorar la inteligibilidad vocal de las personas laringectomizadas que hayan sido rehabilitadas con erigmofonía. Material y métodos: diseño prospectivo en 17 personas laringectomizadas que utilizan la voz erigmofónica para comunicarse. Se estudiaron con el VHI-30, espectrograma de banda estrecha, evaluación perceptual (GRABS y CAPE-V) y, de forma novedosa, valorando la inteligibilidad vocal a través de la lectura y reconocimiento de palabras bisílabas. Resultados: el VHI-30 muestra que las personas laringectomizadas perciben su voz como una limitación leve y moderada. El espectrograma presenta diferencias sustanciales entre la voz erigmofónica y la voz laríngea fisiológica. La evaluación perceptual indica una afectación moderada/severa en GRABS y media/grave en CAPE-V. En la inteligibilidad verbal predominan los valores medios-bajos (88 por ciento), pero hay pacientes con valores altos (12 por ciento). No se han encontrado relaciones estadísticamente significativas entre el VHI-30, la evaluación perceptual y la inteligibilidad verbal. Conclusiones: la valoración de la inteligibilidad de la voz erigmofónica proporciona al rehabilitador datos útiles y de fácil adquisición sobre la capacidad comunicativa de las personas con laringectomía total, que permiten complementar otros procedimientos de valoración objetiva (espectrograma) y subjetiva (VHI-30, GRABS y CAPE-V)


People who have had a total laryngectomy and have completely extirpated their larynx have, in a variable degree, altered the functions of this organ: sphincter, respiratory, and vocal. Regarding the latter and its final product: the voice, the loss is complete, so it is necessary to rehabilitate this function so that the person can communicate. The aim of this work is to evaluate the vocal intelligibility of laryngectomized individuals who have been rehabilitated with erygmophony. Material and method: prospective design in 17 laryngectomized individuals that use the erygmophonic voice to communicate. They were studied with VHI-30, narrow band spectrogram, perceptual evaluation (GRABS and CAPE-V) and, in a novel way, assessing the vocal intelligibility through the reading and recognition of bisyllabic words. Results: VHI-30 shows that laryngectomized individuals perceive their voice as a mild and moderate limitation. The spectrogram shows substantial differences between the erygmophonic voice and the laryngeal physiological voice. Perceptual evaluation indicates moderate/severe affectation in GRABS and medium/severe involvement in CAPE-V. In the verbal intelligibility, the medium-low values (88 percent) are predominant, but there are patients with high values (12 percent). No statistically significant relationships were found between VHI-30, perceptual evaluation, and verbal intelligibility. Conclusions: the evaluation of the intelligibility of the erygmophonic voice provides the rehabilitator with useful and easy-to-read data on the communicative capacity of persons with total laryngectomy, complementing other objective (spectrogram) and subjective assessment procedures (VHI-30, GRABS and CAPE-V)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Speech, Esophageal , Speech Intelligibility/physiology , Voice Disorders/etiology , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Laryngectomy/adverse effects
13.
CoDAS ; 28(2): 176-181, mar.-abr. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-782147

ABSTRACT

RESUMO A doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma moléstia neurodegenerativa associada a significantes prejuízos motores, neuropsicológicos e sensoriais. Alterações na qualidade da voz são frequentes durante o curso da doença e os pacientes enfrentam obstáculos no acesso a serviços de reabilitação fonoaudiológica adequada. A telerreabilitação é uma possível solução para esse problema, uma vez que pode ser implementada a distância, com recursos de telemedicina, via tecnologias de comunicação e informação. Objetivo: Investigar a eficiência da telerreabilitação da voz em pacientes com DP. Métodos: Participaram 20 pacientes com DP e queixas de voz. A telerreabilitação síncrona (em tempo real) ocorreu a partir de videoconferência (Adobe Connect 8), os pacientes foram telerreabilitados pela versão estendida do Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT-X) e avaliados, antes e depois dessa intervenção por meio de análise perceptual da qualidade vocal pela Escala GRBASI. No final da intervenção, todos responderam a questionário estruturado sobre a experiência com a telerreabilitação. Resultados: As análises revelaram diminuição na magnitude das alterações da qualidade da voz após a intervenção, indicando melhoria do padrão vocal. Todos os pacientes relataram satisfação e preferência pela telerreabilitação em comparação com a reabilitação presencial, assim como positiva percepção de áudio e vídeo. Algumas adversidades tecnológicas foram identificadas, mas não impediram as abordagens de avaliação e tratamento. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que a telerreabilitação seja uma intervenção eficiente para os sintomas da qualidade da voz associados à DP e pode ser indicada para pacientes com acesso a tecnologias e dificuldades no alcance de profissionais ou centros especializados.


ABSTRACT Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition associated with motor, neuropsychological, sensorial, and vocal symptoms. It has been suggested that eventual obstacles faced by many patients to reach speech therapy rehabilitation centers could be overcome with the use of synchronous telerehabilitation (real time) approach employing communication technologies. Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of vocal telerehabilitation in PD patients. Methods: Twenty patients diagnosed with PD and with vocal complaints participated in this study. Patients were evaluated by videoconference (Adobe Connect 8) before and after treatment. Evaluation method consisted of perceptual analysis of vocal quality measured by the GRBASI scale. Treatment was conducted following the extended version of Lee Silverman method (LSVT-X). At the end of treatment all patients were requested to fill a questionnaire to assess their experience with telerehabilitation. Results: Analysis revealed decrease in magnitude of voice quality changes after the intervention, indicating improvement of vocal pattern. All patients reported satisfaction and preference for telerehabilitation compared to face-to-face rehabilitation, as well as positive perception of audio and video. Some technological adversities have been identified but did not prevent the approaches to assessment and treatment. Conclusion: Present results suggest that telerehabilitation methods can be considered as an effective treatment for speech symptoms associated with PD and can be indicated to patients presenting limited access to speech therapy centers and technological readiness.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Parkinson Disease/rehabilitation , Speech Therapy/methods , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Telerehabilitation/methods , Parkinson Disease/complications , Quality of Life , Speech Production Measurement , Time Factors , Voice Quality , Voice Disorders/etiology , Reproducibility of Results , Speech-Language Pathology , Treatment Outcome , Patient Satisfaction , Statistics, Nonparametric , Middle Aged , Neuropsychological Tests
14.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 19(3): 248-254, July-Sept/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-754002

ABSTRACT

Introduction Although medialization thyroplasty utilizing Gore-Tex (Gore and Associates, Newark, Delaware, United States) has been discussed in the literature, few reports have assessed voice quality afterward, and they did not use a full assessment protocol. Objective To assess the improvement in voice quality after medialization thyroplasty utilizing Gore-Tex in patients with glottic insufficiency of variable etiology. Methods Eleven patients with glottic insufficiency of different etiologies that failed compensation were operated by type 1 thyroplasty utilizing Gore-Tex. Pre- and postoperative (1 week, 3 months, and 6 months) voice assessment was done and statistical analysis was performed on the results. Results In all postoperative assessments, there was significant improvement in the grade of dysphonia (p < 0.004) and highly significant reduction in the size of glottic gap and prolongation of maximum phonation time (p < 0.0001). The difference in voice parameters in the early (1 week) and the late (3 and 6months) postoperative period was not significant. None of the patients developed stridor or shortness of breath necessitating tracheotomy, and there was no implant extrusion in any patient during the study period. Conclusion Gore-Tex medialization provides reliable results for both subjective and objective voice parameters. It leads to a satisfactory restoration of voice whatever the etiology of glottic incompetence is. This technique is relatively easy and does not lead to major complications. Further studies with larger number of patients andmore extended periods of follow-up are still required to assess the long-term results of the technique regarding voice quality and implant extrusion.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Dysphonia/etiology , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Endocrine Surgical Procedures , Signs and Symptoms , Voice
15.
J. Soc. Bras. Fonoaudiol ; 24(1): 1-6, 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-618168

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Investigar os efeitos imediatos do exercício vocal sopro e som agudo. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo tipo observacional comparativo. Participaram 46 mulheres com idades entre 25 a 45 anos que foram divididas em dois grupos: 23 com queixa vocal (GQ) e 23 sem queixa vocal (GSQ). Foram realizadas a avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da qualidade vocal, análise acústica, videolaringoestroboscopia e autoavaliação da voz antes e após a execução do exercício sopro e som agudo em dez repetições. A avaliação perceptivo-auditiva e das imagens da configuração laríngea foram realizadas por três fonoaudiólogas especialistas em voz, que deveriam analisar dois trechos de cada sujeito, sem a identificação do momento do registro, assinalando o melhor trecho. Os parâmetros acústicos avaliados foram frequência fundamental, jitter e shimmer na vogal sustentada e frequência fundamental na fala encadeada. Na autoavaliação vocal, todos os participantes deveriam responder à pergunta: "Como você avalia a sua voz após a realização do exercício?". RESULTADOS: Na avaliação perceptivo-auditiva, ambos os grupos apresentaram melhor qualidade vocal no pós-exercício. Quanto à avaliação acústica, após o exercício houve diminuição dos valores shimmer, em ambos os grupos e nas medidas de jitter no GSQ. Observou-se aumento da frequência fundamental no GQ na vogal sustentada. A avaliação videolaringoestroboscópica mostrou melhor coaptação glótica e menor envolvimento do vestíbulo em ambos os grupos pós-exercício. A autoavaliação vocal indicou melhora na emissão da voz no GQ. CONCLUSÃO: O exercício vocal sopro e som agudo produz efeitos imediatos positivos nas avaliações perceptivo-auditiva, acústica, laríngea e na autoavaliação vocal.


PURPOSE: To investigate the immediate effects of the high-pitched blowing vocal exercise. METHODS: This is a comparative observational study. Participants were 46 women with ages between 25 and 45 years, who were divided into two groups: 23 individuals with vocal complaint (VCG), and 23 without vocal complaint (WVCG). The procedures included vocal auditory-perceptual analysis, acoustic analysis, videostroboscopy, and vocal self-assessment before and after ten repetitions of the high-pitched blowing vocal exercise. The auditory-perceptual analysis and the assessment of the laryngeal configuration images were carried out by three speech-language pathologists, who performed the blind analysis of two vocal samples of each subject, marking the best sample. The acoustic parameters measured were fundamental frequency, jitter and shimmer in sustained vowel, and fundamental frequency in speech. For the vocal self-assessment, participants were asked the question: "How do you think your voice is after the exercise?". RESULTS: Both groups presented better voice quality in the auditory-perceptual analysis after the exercise. In the acoustic analysis, shimmer values reduced for both groups, and jitter values reduced only for the WVCG post-exercise. It was observed increase of the fundamental frequency in the VCG in the sustained vowel. The videostroboscopy showed better glottal closure and less vestibule involvement for both groups after the exercise. Vocal self-assessment indicated better voice emission post-exercise in the VCG. CONCLUSION: The high-pitched blowing vocal exercise produces positive immediate effects observed in auditory-perceptual, acoustic, and laryngeal analyses and in vocal self-assessment.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Voice Training , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Case-Control Studies , Self-Assessment , Voice Quality
16.
Botucatu; s.n; 2012. 161 p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-750906

ABSTRACT

Verificar a prevalência de alterações vocais em professores e correlacionar com as condições de trabalho. Delineamento: Estudo transversal. Participantes:381 docentes da rede de ensino da cidade de Bauru, SP., entrevistados entre 2009 à 2011, sendo 85% do sexo feminino, com idade mediana de 42 anos, entre 22 a 69 anos. Variáveis: Alterações vocal, laringológica e auditiva, variáveis de condições de trabalho. A qualidade vocal foi classificada por meio da escala GRBASI, a alteração auditiva foi medida por meio da avaliação das emissões otoacústicas transientes e as demais variáveis foram medidas por meio do questionário autoaplicável. Aleatória com alocação por cinco regiões geográfica da cidade de Bauru. A relação entre sexo, idade e condições de trabalho com as alterações foi estudada por modelo de regressão logística múltipla contendo, no modelo, as variáveis que se relacionaram significativamente de forma independente por meio do teste exato de Fisher, Qui-quadrado ou estimativa do Odds-Ratio. A reprodutibilidade inter avaliador (análise de concordância entre os juízes em relação ao estado da voz) foi realizada por teste de Kappa. A relação de professores do sexo feminino foi de 85%, com idade média de 42 anos, e com mais de 16 anos de docência. As condições de trabalho tanto física como emocionais foram consideradas como desfavoráveis, havendo associação estatisticamente significativa entre sexo, faixa etária que leciona, tempo que leciona, carga horária semanal de trabalho e, a acústica inadequada. A alteração vocal foi referida por 60% dos entrevistados, sendo a rouquidão o sintoma mais comum (83,5%), e para 48,9% a alteração vocal está presente há mais de 4 anos. O fator causal apontado foi o uso intensivo da voz para 88,4% e estresse 59,8%...


To determine the prevalence of vocal changes in teachers and correlate with working conditions. Design: cross-sectional study. Participants: 381 teachers in the city of Bauru, SP, interviewed between 2009 to 2011, being 85% female, with median age of 42 years between 22 to 69 years. Variables: vocal, laryngologic and hearing changes, variable working conditions. The voice quality was classified by means of GRBASI, the hearing change scale was measured by assessing otoacoustic emissions and other variables were measured by means of a questionnaire. Five geographical regions of the city of Bauru were allocated randomly. The relationship between gender, age and working conditions regarding the changes was studied by multiple logistic regression model, containing in the template, the variables that significantly related independently through Fisher’s exact test, Chi-square or estimate of the Odds-Ratio. Reproducibility inter evaluator (analysis of correlation between the judges in relation to voice condition) was held by Kappa test. The female teacher relationship was 85%, with an average age of 42 years, and with more than 16 years of teaching. Working conditions both physical and emotional were regarded as unfavorable, and there was statistically significant association between gender, age group, teaching time, work load, and improper acoustics. Vocal changes were referred to 60% of respondents, being hoarseness the most common symptom (83.5%), and for 48.9% vocal changes is present for more than 4 years. The main causal factor was intensive voice use for 88.4% and stress for 59.8% . A hearing-perceptual voice analysis found that 84.7% of teacher voices were altered, being 56.9% of moderate degree and there was no statistically significant relationship between working conditions...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Voice Disorders/epidemiology , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Faculty
17.
J. Soc. Bras. Fonoaudiol ; 24(4): 395-402, 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-660600

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Realizar uma revisão sistemática de pesquisas relacionadas às características vocais de crianças ou adultos com deficiência auditiva usuários de implante coclear. ESTRATÉGIAS DE PESQUISA: Foi realizada uma busca com os descritores voz, qualidade da voz e implante coclear, e seus respectivos correspondentes na língua inglesa, nas bases de dados Web of Science, Bireme, portal de teses e dissertações da USP e banco de teses e dissertações da CAPES. CRITÉRIOS DE SELEÇÃO: Os critérios adotados incluíram título condizente com a proposta deste estudo, casuística necessariamente englobando crianças ou adultos com deficiência auditiva de grau severo a profundo, pré ou pós-linguais, usuários de implante coclear e que tenham passado por análise perceptivo-auditiva e/ou acústica da qualidade vocal. RESULTADOS: Vinte e sete trabalhos foram classificados seguindo-se os níveis de evidências e indicadores de qualidade empregados pela American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). Os desenhos dos trabalhos analisados foram considerados de média e baixa evidência científica. Seis trabalhos foram classificados como nível de evidência IIb, 20 como III, e um como IV. CONCLUSÃO: A qualidade vocal da criança ou adulto com deficiência auditiva usuário de implante coclear tem sido estudada em pequena escala. Não há um número efetivo de estudos com alto índice de evidência que demonstrem com precisão os efeitos do implante coclear na qualidade vocal desses indivíduos.


PURPOSE: To perform a systematic analysis of the research regarding vocal characteristics of hearing impaired children or adults with cochlear implants. RESEARCH STRATEGY: A literature search was conducted in the databases Web of Science, Bireme, and Universidade de São Paulo's and CAPES' thesis and dissertations databases using the keywords voice, voice quality, and cochlear implantation, and their respective correspondents in Brazilian Portuguese. SELECTION CRITERIA: The selection criteria included: title consistent with the purpose of this review; participants necessarily being children or adults with severe to profound pre-lingual or post-lingual hearing loss using cochlear implants; and data regarding participants' performance on perception and/or acoustic analysis of the voice. RESULTS: Twenty seven papers were classified according to the levels of evidence and quality indicators recommended by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). The designs of the studies were considered of low and medium levels of evidence. Six papers were classified as IIb, 20 as III, and one as IV. CONCLUSION: The voice of hearing impaired children and adults with cochlear implants has been little studied. There is not an effective number of studies with high evidence levels which precisely show the effects of the cochlear implantation on the quality of voice of these individuals.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cochlear Implants , Hearing Loss/rehabilitation , Phonation , Voice Quality , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Evidence-Based Medicine/methods , Hearing Loss/complications , Voice Disorders/complications
18.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 77(4): 461-465, July-Aug. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-595792

ABSTRACT

Immediate effects of an exercise with the vocal tract semi-closed. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the immediate effects of the phonation exercise in a straw in individuals with and without vocal fold lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective study. 48 individuals, aged between 18 and 55 years participated in the study, and they were distributed into two groups: GL- with a benign vocal fold lesion; GSL- without a lesion. The following analyses were carried out before and after the straw phonation exercises: voice self-analysis, [ε] vowel auditory-perception analysis, selected parameters acoustics (VoxMetria 2. 6) and videolaryngoscopy. RESULTS: The vocal self assessment indicated a statistically significant improvement on voice emission in GL individuals (p=0. 015). There were no statistically significant differences before and after the exercise and between the groups, in the videolaryngoscopy, acoustic and auditory-perception assessments. CONCLUSIONS: The straw phonation exercise caused positive effects, seen upon voice self-assessment, indicating an easier and better voice upon phonation.


Efeitos imediatos de um exercício de trato vocal semiocluído. OBJETIVO: Investigar os efeitos imediatos do exercício de fonação no canudo em indivíduos com e sem lesão nas pregas vocais. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo Prospectivo. Participaram deste estudo 48 indivíduos, entre 18 e 55 anos, distribuídos em dois grupos: GL- com lesão benigna na prega vocal; GSL- sem lesão. Foram realizadas antes e após a realização do exercício de fonação no canudo as seguintes análises: autoavaliação da voz, análises perceptivo-auditiva da vogal [ε], acústica de parâmetros selecionados (VoxMetria 2.6) e videolaringoscopia. RESULTADOS: A autoavaliação vocal indicou melhora estatisticamente significante na emissão da voz no GL (p=0,015). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante nos momentos pré e pós-exercício e entre os grupos, nas avaliações perceptivo-auditiva, acústica e videolaringoscópica. CONCLUSÃO: O exercício de fonação no canudo promoveu efeitos positivos verificados na autoavaliação vocal, indicando voz mais fácil e melhor à fonação.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Laryngeal Diseases/complications , Phonation/physiology , Voice Training , Vocal Cords/injuries , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Case-Control Studies , Prospective Studies , Self-Assessment , Treatment Outcome , Voice Disorders/etiology
19.
Indian J Cancer ; 2011 Jan-Mar; 48(1): 99-104
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-144419

ABSTRACT

Despite advances in conservative laryngeal surgery and radiotherapy, total laryngectomy still remains the procedure of choice for advanced-stage (UICC T3 and T4) laryngeal carcinoma, around the world. The functional rehabilitation of the laryngectomized patients has been a concern of head and neck surgeons and speech therapists. Significant developments in speech rehabilitation over the past three decades have led to substantial improvements in the quality of life of these patients. The tracheoesophageal (TE) voice prosthesis has become the gold standard in various centers for voice rehabilitation since its introduction in 1980. Successful tracheoesophageal voice restoration in laryngectomy patients can be very rewarding and patients no longer have to live in silence while they await the results of their cancer treatments. They can face the challenges of life with the knowledge that a near normal quality of life is very much possible.In this article, we present a brief review of voice restoration following laryngectomy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Laryngeal Neoplasms/rehabilitation , Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Laryngectomy/rehabilitation , Voice Disorders/etiology , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Voice Quality
20.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Fonoaudiol ; 15(2): 243-249, 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-553434

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da fonoterapia nos distúrbios da voz por meio de diferentes parâmetros acústicos pré e pós-fonoterapia. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo experimental retrospectivo no qual se analisou as gravações de vozes de 67 indivíduos submetidos à reabilitação vocal. Os espectrogramas pré e pós-terapia fonoaudiológica foram julgados por quatro fonoaudiólogas. Os parâmetros para análise foram: forma do traçado, grau de escurecimento dos harmônicos, estabilidade do traçado dos harmônicos, presença de ruído, presença de harmônicos e de sub-harmônicos. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análise estatística, em que também se buscou observar a eventual diferença de padrões entre gêneros e diagnósticos. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre a forma do traçado espectrográfico nas condições pré e pós-fonoterapia, porém a maioria dos pacientes (58 por cento) obteve melhora. O grau de escurecimento manteve-se estável nas condições pré e pós-fonoterapia (p=0,000). Houve significativa melhora espectrográfica, após a fonoterapia, para os parâmetros de estabilidade do traçado (p=0,006), presença de ruído (p=0,007), harmônicos (p=0,000) e sub-harmônicos (p=0,001). Não houve relação entre o gênero do paciente e o grau de melhora espectrográfica. Em relação ao diagnóstico, apenas o parâmetro forma do traçado apresentou diferenças significativas. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de não terem sido encontradas mudanças significativas em todos os parâmetros avaliados, a espectrografia acústica demonstrou ser um instrumento eficaz para avaliar a evolução da voz do paciente no processo terapêutico, sendo complementar à avaliação perceptivo-auditiva e fazendo parte de um protocolo multidimensional.


PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of vocal therapy on voice disorders using different spectrographic parameters, before and after therapy. METHODS: This experimental retrospective study analyzed voice recordings of 67 dysphonic patients that had attended vocal therapy. Pre- and post-treatment spectrograms were analyzed by four speech-language pathologists. The following parameters were analyzed: spectrogram regularity, harmonic colors, spectrogram stability, presence of noise components, presence of harmonic and sub-harmonics. Data were submitted to statistical analysis, which aimed at identifying different patterns between genders and diagnoses. RESULTS: There was no difference between pre and post-therapy conditions for spectrogram regularity, however, most patients (58 percent) showed improvement. Harmonic colors remained stable (p=0.000). Significant improvement was observed, after voice therapy, regarding spectrogram stability (p=0.006), and presence of noise (p=0.007), harmonics (p=0.000) and sub-harmonics components (p=0.001). No relation was found between patient's gender and spectrographic improvement. Regarding diagnoses, differences caused by therapy were only significant for spectrogram regularity. CONCLUSIONS: Not all evaluated parameters showed significant improvements with therapy, however, acoustic spectrography proved to be an efficient tool to evaluate patients' progresses during vocal rehabilitation, complementing auditory-perceptual evaluation and composing a multidimensional assessment protocol.


Subject(s)
Humans , Voice Disorders/diagnosis , Voice Disorders/rehabilitation , Sound Spectrography , Speech Acoustics , Speech Therapy
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